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Cardiovascular Drugs

Essential medications for heart disease, hypertension, and circulatory disorders

INTERMEDIATE17 Drugs

Adenosine

Adenosine

Antiarrhythmics (Nucleoside)ADVANCED

Use:

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), diagnostic aid

Mechanism:

Slows AV node conduction and interrupts reentry pathways via adenosine receptors

โญ 20 points

Amiodarone

Amiodarone

Antiarrhythmics (Class III)ADVANCED

Use:

Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation

Mechanism:

Blocks potassium channels (prolongs repolarization), also has Class I, II, IV effects

โญ 20 points

Atenolol

Atenolol

Beta BlockersINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, angina, post-MI, atrial fibrillation

Mechanism:

Selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist

โญ 15 points

Bumetanide

Bumetanide

Diuretics (Loop)ADVANCED

Use:

Edema, heart failure, renal disease

Mechanism:

Inhibits Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in thick ascending loop of Henle

โญ 20 points

Carvedilol

Carvedilol

Beta BlockersADVANCED

Use:

Heart failure, hypertension, post-MI left ventricular dysfunction

Mechanism:

Non-selective beta blocker with alpha-1 blocking activity

โญ 20 points

Chlorthalidone

Chlorthalidone

Diuretics (Thiazide-like)INTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, edema

Mechanism:

Inhibits sodium-chloride cotransporter in distal convoluted tubule

โญ 15 points

Enalapril

Enalapril Maleate

ACE InhibitorsINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy

Mechanism:

Inhibits ACE, preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

โญ 15 points

Flecainide

Flecainide Acetate

Antiarrhythmics (Class IC)ADVANCED

Use:

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation (no structural heart disease)

Mechanism:

Blocks sodium channels, slows conduction in His-Purkinje system and ventricles

โญ 20 points

Furosemide

Furosemide

Loop DiureticsINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Edema, heart failure, hypertension, hypercalcemia

Mechanism:

Inhibits Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in thick ascending loop of Henle

โญ 15 points

Hydrochlorothiazide

Hydrochlorothiazide

Thiazide DiureticsINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, edema, heart failure

Mechanism:

Inhibits Na+/Cl- cotransporter in distal convoluted tubule

โญ 15 points

Lisinopril

Lisinopril

ACE InhibitorsINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, heart failure, post-MI

Mechanism:

Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing angiotensin II formation

โญ 15 points

Metoprolol

Metoprolol Tartrate

Beta BlockersINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, angina, heart failure, arrhythmias

Mechanism:

Selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist

โญ 15 points

Procainamide

Procainamide

Antiarrhythmics (Class IA)ADVANCED

Use:

Ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, PSVT

Mechanism:

Blocks sodium channels, prolongs action potential duration and refractory period

โญ 20 points

Propranolol

Propranolol Hydrochloride

Beta BlockersINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis, tremor

Mechanism:

Non-selective beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist

โญ 15 points

Ramipril

Ramipril

ACE InhibitorsINTERMEDIATE

Use:

Hypertension, heart failure, post-MI, stroke prevention

Mechanism:

Inhibits ACE enzyme, reducing angiotensin II formation

โญ 15 points

Sotalol

Sotalol

Antiarrhythmics (Class III, also Beta-blocker)ADVANCED

Use:

Ventricular arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation/flutter

Mechanism:

Non-selective beta-blocker with potassium channel blocking (prolongs repolarization)

โญ 20 points

Spironolactone

Spironolactone

Diuretics (Potassium-sparing)ADVANCED

Use:

Heart failure, hypertension, edema, hyperaldosteronism, acne

Mechanism:

Aldosterone antagonist; blocks mineralocorticoid receptors

โญ 20 points
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Medical Disclaimer

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